Hydraulic jet-dispersal nozzle



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HYDRAULIC JET DISPERSAL NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Deo. 2v, 192e IN1/Enron. @a

v ma@ Nov. 26, 1929. o. A. PRICE 1,736,937 v HYDRAULIC JET DISPERSAL NOZZLE Filed Deo. 27, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet .2

INVENTDR. 'Ufww @UQAMM/ 157 Patented Nov. 26, 1929 OWEN ALFRED PRICE, on KLMARNOCK, A'YR'SHIRE, SCOTLAND HYDRAULIC JET-nSPEnsAL NozzLE Application filed December 27, 1926, Serial No. 1572406,l and in Greaty BritainDecember 3, 1926.

This invention has for its object to provide improved means for dispersing and cushioning the destructive energy in high velocity streams of water such as exists for example at the outfall of under sluices or discharge regulators for high dams, and in vgeneral at places where high level water is freely discharged into comparatively shallow river beds, water courses, reservoirs, penstoclr l0 chambers, conduit basins ponds and theplike.

The invention provides in an hydraulic jet nozzle means to set up in the stream flowing through the nozzle a forced spiral vortex (or vortices) such as will rapidly consolidate to l5 a free spiral vortex which prevails in the nozzle immediately before or at release of the stream to the atmos here. y

Inconsequence7 t e stream is discharged as a conical shower of drops which are cush- 29 ioned against the atmosphere and scattered as heavy rain drops over a wide area many hundred times as great as the shock area of the same stream when solid.

There may be advantageously incorporated in the nozzle a central stream-lined valve.

In order to set up the required spiral vortex conditions I fit within the nozzle in the path of iow a system of blades radiating from a central boss (whether or not a valve-housing boss) the pitch of which blades varies in the axial direction of the nozzle or may vary both in the axial direction and in the radial direction. y

As is understood, to set up the required r spiral vortex conditions, it is necessary to give to the central portion of the stream a greater angular velocity than to the peripheral portion-the central portion being that portion in close contact with the central boss, and the peripheral portion that portion adjacent to the wall of the nozzle.

It is further understood that thel variation of the pitch of the blades should take account of the contour of the boss as well as that of r the nozzle.

In the accompanying drawings Fig. l is a vertical section of a combined hydraulic valve and dispersal nozzle according to the invention. Fig. 2 a section on the line `Z--Q of Fig. l; Fig. 3 a fragmentary elevation looking in the direction of the arrow A in Fig. 4; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section; Fig. pis a fragmentary section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4; Fig.- 6 is a fragmentary section on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4; Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a va-lveless hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle according to the invention.

l The combined valve and nozzle shown in Figs. l to 6 comprises a shell l having conoidal ends and presenting a through' passageway with inlet and outlet in coaxial relation. Disposed centrally of the shelll is a built-up stream-lined bossQ supported from the shell l by ribs 3 and serving to house an obtnrating element 4 when retracted from its seat 5 within the shell. In the example shown the obturating element or valve is contrived to close in the downestream direction, it being understood that the direction of closing is not material to' the invention in its broader aspects. The `cylindrical element 6 of the boss is united to the shell l by blades 7 the forward ends of which terminate on the surface of animaginary cylinder and serve to guide the obturating element 4 in its axial move- 7 ments'. v

To impart the required vortex movement to the annular stream flowing through the space between the boss 2 and the shell l when the valve is open, the blades are each given a greater pitch at the leaving edge adjacent to the boss than at the edge adjacent to the shell. This may be seen on comparison of Figs. 5 and 6, it being understood that in Fig. 4 the dotted line I), c represents the outer boundary ofthe pitched portion of the blade.

Referring to Fig. l, the lines of motion of the stream as they pass across the leaving edges of the blades travel in a course which may be considered as following the surface .of a cone,V lines nearer to the central boss having agreater inclination to the axis than lines nearer to the shell.

The required whirling motion imparted to the water, that is the required deflection of o the lines of motion, results from the inclina tion of the blades determined with respect to the conical surface containing these lines. Considered relatively to the conical surface the inclination is equivalent to simple angulocity to the central portion of the stream than to the peripheral portion is therefore a variation 1n pitch 1n both reference planes. Each blade is thus given a pitch which decreases with the radial distance from the bossl and also decreases with the axial distance from the boss, it being understood that in practice the rate of variation of pitch in thev axial direction may be much greater than the rate of variation in radial direction. v

lVhile the invention is shown embodied in a nozzle incorporating a valve, it is to be understood that the boss from which the blades radiate may be a solid boss or an open-centred boss coaxial with the shell.

In Fig. 7 is shown a hydraulic jet dispersal device including a convergent nozzle 8 having an open-centred boss 9 connected to the shell by blades I() inclined to the axis, each blade having a pitch which decreases progressively in radial and axial direction outwards fromthe boss.

Vhere in the following claims il refer to the blading as extending entirely across the annulus between the boss and the inner wall of the shell, I wish to be understood as indicating that in effect the blading bridges in a transverse direction the gap between the boss and the shell. In axial direction the blading may bridge the annular gap over a portion only of the length of the annulus.

Vhat I claim is l. A hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet, a boss centrally positioned within said shell, and blading extending entirely across and beyond the annulus between the inner wall of said shell and said boss, and comprising blades the discharging edges of which extend in the lgeneral direction from the forward end of said boss towards said outlet, the pitch of said discharging edges decreasing progressively in the axial direction towards said outlet, contrived to form a forced spiral vortex that will consolidate to a free spiral vortex within the outlet portion of the nozzle.

2. A hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet, a boss centrally positioned within said shell and blading extending entirely across and beyond the annulus between the inner wall of said shell and said boss, the said outlet being disposed axially beyond said blading, said blading comprising blades the discharging edges of which extend in the general direction from the forward end of said boss towards said outlet, the pitch of said discharging edges decreasing progressively in both the radial direction from the axis and in an axial direction away from said boss and towards said outlet.

8. A hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet coaxial with said inlet, a boss centrally posi` tioned within said shell, and blading extending entirely across the annulus between the inner wall of said shell and said boss, and comprising blades the delivery edges of which lie on an imaginary cylindrical surface coaxial with said shell, the pitch of the said edges decreasing progressively in the axial direction away from said boss and towards said outlet,

4. A combined hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle and valve comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet a boss including a hollow cylindrical portion centrally disposed withinsaid shell, an obturating member mov-- able axially of said cylindrical portion, and bla-ding extending the wholedistance across the annulus between said hollow portion and the inner wall of said shell and outwardly from the end of said hollow portion, and comprising blades whose leaving edges lie on an imaginary cylindrical surface and present guides for said obturating element, the pitch of said edOes decreasing progressively in the direction away from said boss and towards said outlet. l

5. A combined hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle and valve comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet, a boss centrally disposed within said shell, an obturating element movable axially within said boss, said obturating element having an external peripheral wall of cylindrical form, and blading extending the whole distance across the annulus between theinner wall of said shell and said boss and outwardly from the end of said boss, and comprising'blades the pitch of whose discharging edges decreases progressively in the axial direction towards said outlet, contrived to forni a forced spiral vortex that will consolidate to a free spira-l vortex within the outlet portion of the nozzle, the said discharging edges of said blades lying on an imaginary surface matching the said peripheral wall of said obturating element.

6. A combined hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle and valve comprisingv a shell having an inlet and an outlet, a boss centrally disposed within said shell, an obturating element movable axially of said boss, and blading extending across the annulus between the inner wall ofsaid shell and said boss, said shell presenting a valve seat disposed beyond said blading considered in axial direction, said blading comprising blades the pitch of whose discharging edges decreases in both the radial direction from the axis and in an axial direction away from said boss, said discharging edges of said blades present-ing guides for said ohturating element in its aXial movement.

7. A combined hydraulic jet dispersal nozzle and valve comprising a shell having an inlet and an outlet, a boss centrally disposed Within said shell, an obturating' element movable axially of said boss, and hlading eX- tending across the annulus between the inner Wall of said boss and said shell, the delivery edges of the blades lying on an imaginary cylindrical surface coaxial with said boss, and presenting guides for said obturating element in its axial movement, the pitch of the said edges of the blades decreasing progressively in the axial direction away from said boss and towards said outlet.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

OWEN ALFRED PRICE. 

